O artista mais famoso a trabalhar em Malta foi, sem dúvida, Michelangelo Merisi (1571-1610), conhecido como Caravaggio. A sua obra “Decapitação de S. João Batista”, pode ser vista no Oratório da Co-Catedral de S. João, em Valletta.
Referida como “a pintura do século XVII”, a obra foi encomendada para o Oratório da Co-Catedral de S. João, onde ainda permanece exposta. A catedral conta com outro dos seus trabalhos mais famosos, uma pintura onde está representado São Jerónimo.
Em conjunto, estas obras representam um período essencial no desenvolvimento deste artista pouco ortodoxo. O seu estilo, marcado pelo intenso contraste entre sombra e luz (chiaroscuro), criou quase que um drama coreografado sobre o tema; uma técnica que veio quebrar a tradição da pintura religiosa.
A história de Caravaggio em Malta é tão misteriosa como o resto da sua biografia. O artista era conhecido como o enfant terrible da pintura barroca italiana e consta que que foi recebido pelos Cavaleiros de São João depois de ter conseguido escapar de Itália, onde tinha sido acusado de homicídio. Refugiou-se em Malta cerca de um ano, onde a sua primeira obra foi o retrato de um cavaleiro da Ordem de São João, chamado Alof de Wignacourt, através da técnica de óleo sobre tela. Atualmente, a pintura pode ser visitada no Museu do Louvre, em Paris.
Apesar do seu passado duvidoso, já aos serviços dos seus novos mecenas, é aclamado e admitido na Ordem de S. João, em reconhecimento do seu trabalho. Além disso, o Grão-mestre condecorou-o com uma corrente de outro e outras honrarias, além de colocar à sua disposição dois escravos turcos.
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